Planning a cross-country move? Need to recover a broken-down buddy from a remote trail? Or maybe you just scored a sweet project car miles away? Towing a vehicle can seem like a monumental task, especially if you’re not familiar with the equipment. It’s a common challenge for DIY mechanics, off-roaders, and everyday car owners alike.
Here at FatBoysOffroad, we understand the challenges of moving vehicles without a full car trailer. That’s why we’ve put together this comprehensive, expert guide on how to tow a car on a tow dolly, ensuring you get your vehicle from point A to point B safely and without a hitch. We’ll cover everything from choosing the right dolly and preparing your tow vehicle to proper loading, securing techniques, and essential driving tips. Get ready to tackle your next towing adventure with confidence!
Understanding Tow Dollies: When to Use One
A tow dolly is a two-wheeled trailer designed to lift the front (or sometimes rear) wheels of a vehicle off the ground, allowing the other two wheels to remain on the road. This makes it a popular choice for many situations. They are generally lighter and more maneuverable than full car trailers.
Advantages of Using a Tow Dolly
Tow dollies offer several benefits for transporting vehicles. They are often more affordable to rent or purchase. Storage is also easier due to their compact size.
Connecting a tow dolly to your tow vehicle is simpler than setting up a full trailer. This convenience saves time and effort. Many smaller tow vehicles can handle a dolly where a full trailer would be too heavy.
When a Tow Dolly is the Right Choice
You should consider a tow dolly for vehicles with two-wheel drive (2WD). Front-wheel-drive (FWD) cars are ideal, as their drive wheels are lifted. Rear-wheel-drive (RWD) vehicles can also be towed this way.
For RWD cars, you typically back the car onto the dolly so the drive wheels are lifted. Always consult your vehicle’s owner’s manual for specific towing recommendations. Some all-wheel-drive (AWD) vehicles may require all four wheels off the ground, making a dolly unsuitable.
Pre-Trip Checklist: What You Need Before You Tow
Before you even think about loading your car, proper preparation is key. A little planning prevents big problems down the road. Gather your tools and check your equipment thoroughly.
Inspecting Your Tow Vehicle
Your tow vehicle is the foundation of a safe tow. It needs to be up to the task. Always check your vehicle’s owner’s manual for its maximum towing capacity.
Ensure your hitch receiver is properly installed and rated for the weight. Inspect the hitch ball for wear and tear. A 2-inch or 2 5/16-inch hitch ball is common.
Check your tow vehicle’s tires, including the spare. Confirm proper tire pressure and tread depth. Test all lights: brake lights, turn signals, and running lights. Ensure your vehicle’s brakes are in excellent condition.
Inspecting the Tow Dolly
The tow dolly itself needs a thorough once-over. Check the tires on the dolly for proper inflation. Look for any cracks or damage to the dolly’s frame.
Test the dolly’s lights and ensure the wiring harness is intact. Inspect the ramps and locking mechanisms. Make sure the safety chains are present and in good condition.
Essential Tools and Equipment
Having the right tools on hand makes the job easier and safer. A good set of ratchet straps is crucial for securing the vehicle. Ensure they are heavy-duty and rated for towing.
You’ll need a torque wrench for the hitch ball if you’re installing it. Wheel chocks are essential for preventing movement during loading. A tire pressure gauge, basic hand tools, and work gloves are also recommended.
Mastering the Art: How to Tow a Car on a Tow Dolly
This is where the rubber meets the road—literally. Following these steps precisely will ensure a safe and secure load. Don’t rush any part of this process.
Positioning the Tow Dolly
First, connect the tow dolly to your tow vehicle. Ensure the hitch ball is securely fastened and the coupler is locked. Cross the safety chains under the coupler.
Place wheel chocks behind the rear wheels of your tow vehicle. This prevents any accidental movement. Position the tow dolly on a level, firm surface.
The dolly should be straight behind your tow vehicle. This alignment makes loading much simpler. Avoid sloped or uneven ground if possible.
Preparing the Towed Vehicle
Before loading, prepare the vehicle you’re towing. Remove any loose items from the car’s interior. Check the tires for proper inflation.
Unlock the steering wheel. This is crucial for proper tracking during towing. If your car has a steering wheel lock, ensure it is disengaged.
Shift the transmission into neutral (N). For automatic transmissions, this is straightforward. For manual transmissions, ensure it’s in neutral.
Driving Onto the Dolly
Slowly and carefully drive the towed vehicle up the ramps. Center the vehicle on the dolly as you go. Use a spotter if available for guidance.
Proceed until the front wheels are fully seated in the dolly’s cradles. The tires should be snug against the front stops. Avoid overshooting the cradles.
Once the car is positioned, apply the parking brake. This provides an initial hold. Place wheel chocks behind the rear wheels of the towed car as an extra precaution.
Securing Your Vehicle for the Journey
Properly securing your vehicle is the most critical step in learning how to tow a car on a tow dolly. Loose straps or chains can lead to dangerous situations. Take your time here.
Using Ratchet Straps
Most tow dollies come with specific wheel nets or straps. Position these straps over the tires in the dolly cradles. Ensure they are centered and flat against the tire.
Feed the straps through the ratchet mechanism. Tighten the straps evenly and securely. Use the ratchet to apply significant tension.
Check the straps for any twists or kinks. A properly tensioned strap will hold the tire firmly. Wiggle the car slightly to test the security.
Connecting Safety Chains
In addition to wheel straps, safety chains are a must. These chains connect the towed vehicle’s frame to the tow dolly’s frame. They act as a backup in case the primary straps fail.
Locate sturdy points on the towed vehicle’s frame or suspension components. Avoid attaching chains to plastic parts or exhaust pipes. Cross the chains underneath the towed vehicle for added security.
Ensure the chains have some slack but are not dragging on the ground. This allows for movement without becoming detached. Double-check all connections before moving.
Final Security Checks
Walk around the entire setup one last time. Tug on the straps and chains to confirm tightness. Ensure the steering wheel of the towed car is unlocked.
Verify the transmission is in neutral. Check that all lights on the dolly are functioning. Remove any wheel chocks used during loading.
It’s always a good idea to re-check your straps after driving a short distance (e.g., 5-10 miles). Road vibrations can sometimes loosen connections. This quick check can prevent major issues.
On the Road: Driving with a Tow Dolly
Towing changes the dynamics of your vehicle. You’ll need to adjust your driving style significantly. Patience and caution are your best friends here.
Adjusting Your Driving Style
Expect longer braking distances. The added weight of the towed vehicle increases inertia. Start braking earlier than usual.
Take corners and turns wider than normal. The tow dolly adds length to your setup. Avoid sharp turns that could cause jackknifing.
Maintain a slower speed, especially on highways. High speeds increase sway and reduce control. Most states have specific speed limits for towing.
Managing Weight and Balance
Proper weight distribution is crucial for stable towing. The majority of the towed vehicle’s weight should be over the dolly’s axle. Avoid front-heavy or rear-heavy loading.
Monitor your tow vehicle’s rear suspension. Excessive sag indicates too much tongue weight. Adjust the towed car’s position slightly if possible.
Sway can be a serious issue. If you feel the trailer swaying, gently ease off the accelerator. Do not slam on the brakes or make sudden steering corrections.
Navigating Common Road Challenges
Hills can be taxing on your tow vehicle. Shift to a lower gear before ascending steep inclines. This prevents overheating and maintains power.
When descending hills, use engine braking. Downshift to control your speed. Avoid riding your brakes, which can lead to overheating and failure.
Parking with a tow dolly requires practice. Choose large, open parking lots. Remember you cannot back up a tow dolly with a vehicle on it without extreme difficulty or damage. You’ll need to unhitch and maneuver manually if you get stuck.
Common Challenges and Troubleshooting
Even with the best preparation, issues can arise. Knowing how to troubleshoot common problems can save your trip. Stay calm and address issues systematically.
Dealing with Tire Issues
A flat tire on the tow dolly or the towed vehicle can halt your progress. Always carry a spare tire for the dolly if available. Know how to change a tire safely.
For a flat on the towed vehicle’s un-dolly wheels, you might need roadside assistance. Consider carrying a portable air compressor for minor pressure adjustments. Check tire pressure regularly during long trips.
Addressing Sway and Instability
Sway often indicates improper weight distribution or excessive speed. First, reduce your speed gradually. If possible, pull over safely.
Re-check your vehicle’s position on the dolly. Ensure it’s centered and secured. Inspect tire pressures on both the tow vehicle and the dolly. Sometimes, crosswinds can also cause sway; adjust speed accordingly.
Electrical Problems
If your dolly lights aren’t working, check the wiring harness. Ensure it’s fully plugged into your tow vehicle. Look for any visible damage to the wires.
Test the fuses in your tow vehicle’s fuse box. A blown fuse is a common culprit. If all else fails, you may need a professional to diagnose the electrical system.
Safety First: Essential Towing Practices
Safety should always be your top priority when towing. A few simple practices can make a huge difference. Never compromise on safety.
Regular Checks During Travel
Stop every 100-150 miles or every couple of hours. Perform a quick walk-around inspection. Check the tension of your ratchet straps.
Feel the hubs on the dolly and the towed vehicle for excessive heat. Hot hubs can indicate bearing issues. Verify that all lights are still working.
Planning Your Route
Plan your route to avoid tight turns, steep grades, and heavily congested areas. Use a GPS system that allows for towing restrictions. Look for truck stops or large parking areas for breaks.
Consider fuel stops and rest areas in advance. Ensure they can accommodate your combined length. Avoiding unexpected detours reduces stress and risk.
Knowing When to Seek Professional Help
If you encounter a problem you can’t safely resolve, don’t hesitate to call for professional roadside assistance. This includes major mechanical failures, persistent sway, or significant tire damage. Your safety and the safety of others on the road are paramount.
Sometimes, a quick call to a park ranger or experienced adventurer for local conditions can be invaluable, especially when recovering a vehicle from an off-road situation. They might know shortcuts or safer routes.
Frequently Asked Questions About Towing with a Dolly
Here are some common questions we hear about towing with a dolly.
Can I tow an AWD vehicle on a tow dolly?
Generally, no. Most all-wheel-drive (AWD) vehicles require all four wheels to be off the ground during towing to prevent damage to the drivetrain. Always consult your vehicle’s owner’s manual for specific towing recommendations, as some rare AWD systems might be an exception.
Do I need to disconnect the drive shaft for a RWD car?
For most rear-wheel-drive (RWD) vehicles, if you back the car onto the dolly (lifting the drive wheels), you do not need to disconnect the drive shaft. However, some manufacturers recommend disconnecting it for long distances or at high speeds. Again, check your owner’s manual to be certain.
Can I back up with a car on a tow dolly?
Attempting to back up with a car on a tow dolly is extremely difficult and generally not recommended. The dolly has its own pivot point, which can cause it to jackknife or damage the towed vehicle. If you need to change direction, it’s best to unhitch the dolly and maneuver it by hand.
What is the maximum speed when towing with a tow dolly?
There isn’t a universal maximum speed, but it’s crucial to drive slower than usual. Most experts recommend staying below 65 mph, and often closer to 55-60 mph, especially on highways. Always adhere to local towing speed limits and adjust for road conditions, weather, and the combined weight of your setup.
Do I need to lock the steering wheel of the towed car?
No, you absolutely must NOT lock the steering wheel of the towed car. The steering wheel needs to be unlocked to allow the front wheels to track properly around turns. Locking it can cause severe damage to the steering components and lead to dangerous handling issues.
Conclusion: Tow with Confidence
Towing a vehicle on a tow dolly doesn’t have to be a source of stress. By understanding the equipment, performing thorough checks, and following expert loading and driving practices, you can safely transport your car wherever it needs to go. Whether you’re moving across the country, picking up a new project, or helping a friend out of a jam, knowing how to tow a car on a tow dolly properly gives you the confidence and capability to get the job done right.
Remember, patience and attention to detail are your greatest assets. Always prioritize safety, take your time, and never hesitate to double-check your work. Now, go forth and tow like a pro! Stay safe and enjoy the journey!
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