Picture this: You’re stranded on the side of the road, or perhaps you’re planning a cross-country move and need to haul your trusty all-wheel-drive (AWD) vehicle. Your first thought might be, “Just hook it up and go!” But hold on a minute. Towing an AWD car isn’t as straightforward as towing a two-wheel-drive vehicle.
A simple mistake can lead to incredibly expensive damage to your transmission, transfer case, or differentials. We’re talking thousands of dollars in repairs that could have been easily avoided. But don’t sweat it – you’re in the right place.
This comprehensive guide from the experts at FatBoysOffroad will equip you with the essential knowledge and practical steps to understand exactly how to tow an AWD car safely and correctly. By the time you’re done reading, you’ll know the approved methods, critical preparations, and common pitfalls to avoid, saving you headaches and hefty repair bills.
Let’s dive into the specifics and ensure your AWD vehicle arrives at its destination in perfect working order.
Understanding Your AWD System Before You Tow
Before you even think about connecting a tow strap, you need to understand the type of all-wheel-drive system your vehicle uses. Not all AWD systems are created equal, and this distinction is crucial for safe towing.
Incorrectly towing an AWD vehicle can cause serious damage to its drivetrain components. This includes the transfer case, transmission, and differentials, as they are all interconnected and designed to work in harmony.
Full-Time vs. Part-Time AWD
Full-time AWD systems constantly send power to all four wheels. Vehicles with these systems typically have a center differential or a viscous coupling that allows for speed differences between the front and rear axles.
Examples include many Subaru models or older Audi Quattro systems. If one set of wheels is spinning while the other is stationary, the differentials can overheat and fail.
Part-time AWD systems, often found in traditional 4×4 trucks and some SUVs, allow the driver to select between 2WD and 4WD. When 4WD is engaged, the front and rear axles are locked together, meaning they must rotate at the same speed.
Towing these vehicles with only two wheels on the ground while 4WD is engaged can cause extreme binding and severe damage to the transfer case.
On-Demand AWD Systems
Many modern SUVs and crossovers feature on-demand AWD. These systems primarily operate in 2WD (often front-wheel drive) until wheel slip is detected, at which point power is sent to the other axle.
Examples include many Honda CR-V, Toyota RAV4, or Ford Escape models. Even though they’re often in 2WD, their systems are still mechanically linked, and rotating one set of wheels while the others are stationary can overwork and damage the coupling mechanisms.
Why Knowing Your System Matters for Towing
The core issue with towing an AWD vehicle with only two wheels on the ground is that it forces part of the drivetrain to rotate while other parts remain static. This creates friction and heat without proper lubrication or cooling, leading to catastrophic failure.
Unlike a 2WD vehicle where only the driven wheels need to be lifted, an AWD vehicle’s entire drivetrain is potentially “driven.” Understanding your specific setup is the first and most important step in preventing costly mistakes.
The Golden Rule: Consult Your Owner’s Manual
This cannot be stressed enough: your vehicle’s owner’s manual is the definitive authority on how to tow your specific AWD car. Manufacturers spend millions on engineering and testing, and their recommendations are based on precise vehicle specifications.
Don’t guess. Don’t rely on internet forums alone. Always refer to the manual first. It will contain specific instructions regarding towing, including approved methods, speed limits, and any necessary preparations like engaging a neutral transfer case or disconnecting a driveshaft.
Look for sections titled “Towing,” “Recreational Towing,” “Emergency Towing,” or “Flat Towing.” These sections will provide explicit guidance tailored to your vehicle’s drivetrain.
Approved Methods for How to Tow an AWD Car Safely
When it comes to knowing how to tow an AWD car without causing damage, certain methods are universally safer than others. Your goal is to ensure that no part of the drivetrain is forced to rotate unnecessarily.
Always prioritize methods that keep all four wheels from contacting the ground or allow for complete drivetrain disengagement.
Flatbed Towing: The Safest Bet
Without a doubt, flatbed towing is the safest and most recommended method for any AWD vehicle. With a flatbed tow truck, your entire vehicle is loaded onto a flat platform, lifting all four wheels completely off the ground.
This eliminates any risk of drivetrain rotation. It means no stress on the transmission, transfer case, or differentials, regardless of your AWD system type.
If you’re calling a professional tow service, always request a flatbed for your AWD vehicle. It might cost a little more, but it’s a small price to pay to avoid thousands in repairs.
Using a Car Dolly: When It’s an Option
A car dolly lifts only two wheels off the ground, leaving the other two on the road. This method can be acceptable for some AWD vehicles, but only under very specific circumstances and only if approved by your owner’s manual.
For AWD vehicles that are primarily front-wheel drive based, you might be able to tow with the front wheels on the dolly and the rear wheels on the ground. Conversely, for primarily rear-wheel drive based AWD, you might tow with the rear wheels on the dolly.
However, this typically requires specific procedures like removing a driveshaft or placing the transmission/transfer case in neutral. If your manual doesn’t explicitly state this is permissible, do not attempt it.
Four-Down (Recreational) Towing: Specific Considerations
Four-down towing, also known as “dinghy towing,” involves towing a vehicle behind another with all four of its wheels on the ground. This is a popular method for RV owners wanting to bring a smaller vehicle along.
Only a select number of AWD vehicles are designed to be flat-towed. These vehicles usually have a specific “neutral” setting for their transfer case or a manual transmission that can be placed in neutral with no driveline issues.
Some Jeep models (like the Wrangler) are well-known for their flat-tow capabilities due to their specific transfer cases. Always confirm this capability in your owner’s manual, and follow every step precisely, including speed limits and periodic engine starts to lubricate components.
Crucial Preparations Before Any AWD Tow
Regardless of the towing method you choose (or are forced to use in an emergency), proper preparation is paramount. Skipping these steps can lead to severe damage, even if you’re using an approved method.
This pre-tow checklist helps ensure that your vehicle is ready for the journey, minimizing risks.
Driveline Disconnection (If Applicable)
For many AWD vehicles that aren’t flatbed towed, disconnecting the driveshaft(s) is the only way to prevent drivetrain damage. This is a significant task, often requiring specialized tools and mechanical expertise.
You might need to disconnect the front driveshaft, the rear driveshaft, or both, depending on the vehicle and the towing method. If your owner’s manual specifies this, and you’re not comfortable doing it, call a professional tow service.
There are also aftermarket quick-disconnect couplers available for some vehicles, especially popular among the off-road crowd who frequently flat-tow their rigs. Research these options if you plan regular recreational towing.
Tire and Suspension Checks
Before towing, perform a quick inspection of your vehicle’s tires and suspension. Ensure all tires are properly inflated to the manufacturer’s recommended pressure. Underinflated tires can overheat and fail during towing.
Check for any visible damage to the tires, such as cuts or bulges. Also, inspect the suspension components for any obvious issues like broken springs or leaking shocks, especially if the vehicle was involved in an accident.
These checks are crucial for maintaining stability and preventing further damage while the vehicle is in tow.
Securing Your Vehicle Properly
Proper securing is vital for safety, regardless of the drivetrain. If using a flatbed, ensure the vehicle is centered and all four wheels are securely strapped down. Use quality tie-down straps designed for vehicle transport.
For dolly towing, ensure the vehicle’s steering wheel is locked straight ahead (if recommended by the manual, some prefer it unlocked for dolly towing) and the parking brake is off. Secure the vehicle firmly to the dolly using the provided straps over the tires.
When flat-towing, ensure the tow bar is correctly attached to the base plates, safety chains are crossed and connected, and all lights (brake, turn, running) are functioning via a wiring harness. Check that the emergency breakaway system (if equipped) is connected.
Common Pitfalls and How to Avoid Them
Even with the best intentions, mistakes can happen when towing. Being aware of the most common pitfalls can help you avoid costly errors and keep your AWD vehicle safe.
Remember, prevention is always cheaper and less stressful than repair.
Ignoring Manufacturer Warnings
This is the most common and most detrimental mistake. The owner’s manual exists for a reason. Ignoring its specific instructions on how to tow an AWD car is a recipe for disaster.
Never assume that because a friend towed their AWD car a certain way, it applies to your vehicle. Drivetrain designs vary wildly between manufacturers and even between different models from the same manufacturer.
Always read and follow the manual’s guidance to the letter.
Improper Hook-Up Techniques
Using the wrong attachment points or inadequate straps can lead to the vehicle coming loose during transit. Only use designated tow points on your vehicle’s frame, not suspension components or bumpers not designed for towing.
Ensure all straps, chains, and tow bars are rated for the weight of your vehicle and are in good condition. Frayed straps or bent hooks are dangerous and should be replaced immediately.
Double-check all connections before moving the tow vehicle. A loose connection can cause the towed vehicle to shift, leading to accidents or damage.
Overlooking Weight Limits
Every tow vehicle and towing setup has a maximum weight capacity. Exceeding these limits is incredibly dangerous and illegal. It can lead to loss of control, brake failure, and structural damage to both the tow vehicle and the towed vehicle.
Know the Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) of your AWD car. Ensure your tow vehicle, tow bar, dolly, and hitch are all rated to handle that weight, plus any additional gear.
When in doubt, err on the side of caution. An overloaded setup is an accident waiting to happen.
When to Call a Professional Tow Service
Sometimes, the best DIY decision is knowing when to call in the professionals. If you’re unsure about any aspect of how to tow an AWD car, or if the situation is beyond your comfort level or equipment, don’t hesitate to seek expert help.
Professional tow services have the right equipment and experience to handle virtually any towing scenario safely. They are particularly essential for complex situations or heavier vehicles.
If your vehicle is heavily damaged, stuck in an off-road situation, or requires specialized recovery, a professional service is equipped to handle it without further damaging your vehicle or putting anyone at risk. Don’t be a hero; be smart and safe.
Frequently Asked Questions About Towing an AWD Car
Here are some common questions we get about towing AWD vehicles, along with our expert answers.
Can I tow an AWD car with only two wheels on the ground?
Generally, no. Towing an AWD car with only two wheels on the ground can cause severe damage to the drivetrain components like the transmission, transfer case, and differentials due to internal friction and lack of lubrication. The only exception is if your owner’s manual explicitly states a specific procedure for this method, which often involves disconnecting a driveshaft.
What happens if I tow an AWD car incorrectly?
Incorrect towing can lead to catastrophic failure of your vehicle’s drivetrain. This includes overheating and seizing of the transfer case, damaged transmission gears, and differential failure. These repairs are often very expensive, costing thousands of dollars, and could even total the vehicle in severe cases.
Is flat towing ever safe for an AWD vehicle?
Yes, but only for specific AWD vehicles that are designed for it. Some vehicles, particularly certain models of Jeeps with specific transfer cases, can be flat-towed by putting the transfer case in a neutral position. Always consult your owner’s manual to confirm if your specific AWD vehicle is approved for flat towing and follow all instructions precisely.
Do all AWD vehicles require a flatbed tow?
While a flatbed tow is the safest and most universally recommended method for all AWD vehicles, it’s not always strictly required. However, it is the only method that guarantees no drivetrain stress. Other methods like dolly towing or four-down towing are only permissible if explicitly outlined and detailed in your vehicle’s owner’s manual with specific preparation steps.
What tools do I need for preparing an AWD for towing?
For basic preparation, you might need a tire pressure gauge and general hand tools if you’re checking lug nuts or performing minor inspections. If your vehicle requires a driveshaft disconnection for towing, you’ll need specific wrenches or sockets, a torque wrench, and potentially a lift or jack stands. For flat towing, you’ll need a compatible tow bar, base plates, safety chains, and a wiring harness for lights.
Mastering how to tow an AWD car safely is all about understanding your vehicle, consulting your owner’s manual, and choosing the right method. Whether you’re a seasoned off-roader or an everyday driver, knowing these critical steps can save you from a major headache and a massive repair bill.
Always prioritize safety, follow manufacturer guidelines, and when in doubt, call a professional tow service. Your AWD vehicle is a complex piece of machinery, and treating it with the respect it deserves will ensure it stays reliable for years to come.
Stay informed, stay prepared, and keep exploring those trails safely!
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